Virtual encounters. Creating social presence in net-based collaborations
نویسندگان
چکیده
The paper discusses the experience of "social presence" as a relevant effect dimension of avatarmediated net-communication. Special attention is paid to measurement issues combining subjective verbal reports of social presence with objective behavioral data relating nonverbal activity, visual attention and person perception. Data will be reported from a study comparing the effects of different real time communication modes (text, audio, video and avatar) in a shared collaborative workspace. Results point to a significant difference between text and all other communication modes, indicating that audio, video and avatar systems worked similarly well in creating an experience of social presence. Analyses of behavioral data yield similar levels of visual attention for both video and avatar conferencing modes, which is however decreasing over time. The data raises critical questions about the added value of avatar systems and the specific requirements those systems have to meet to prove superior to mere audio/video transmissions.
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